Class VIII Geography

Chapter - 5 Industries

NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Geography

Other Chapters
  5. Industries
Study notes for Industries
Chapter end exercise
Q 1.

Answer the following questions:

  1. What is meant by the term 'industry'?
  2. Which are the main factors which influence the location of an industry?
  3. Which industry is often referred to as the backbone of modern industry and why?
  4. Why cotton textile industry rapidly expanded in Mumbai?
  5. What are the similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California?

Ans.
  1. Industry refers to an economic activity that is concerned with production of goods, extraction of minerals or the provision of services. Iron and steel industry (production of goods), coal mining industry (extraction of coal) and tourism industry (service provider) are the examples of industries.
  2. The following factors influences for the location of an industry:
    1. Availability of land
    2. Proper supply of water
    3. Availability of raw material
    4. Adequate supply of power to run the industry
    5. Availability of man power
    6. Investing capital
    7. Transport facility
    8. Market to supply products
  3. Iron and steel industry is often referred as the backbone of the modern industry because all the tools, machineries, equipments, material for construction, etc. are made up of either iron or its alloys.
  4. Cotton textile rapidly expanded in Mumbai because it has most of the favourable conditions for cotton industry like warm and moist climate, facility of port for importing and exporting good and machineries and the availability of cheap and skilled labour.
  5. The similarities between information technology industry in Bangalore and California are as follows:
    1. Availability of skilled man power
    2. Pleasant climate and clean environment
    3. Well-developed and well-connected industries
    4. Connected to marked properly

Chapter end exercise
Q 2.

Tick the correct answer:

  1. Silicon Valley is located in
    1. Bangalore
    2. California
    3. Ahmedabad
  2. Which one of the following industries is known as sunrise industry?
    1. Iron and steel industry
    2. Cotton textile
    3. Information technology
  3. Which one of the following is a natural fibre?
    1. nylon
    2. jute
    3. acrylic

Ans.

(i) (b) California
(ii) (c) Information technology
(iii) (b) Jute

Chapter end exercise
Q 3.

Distinguish between the followings:
(i) Agro-based and mineral based industry
(ii) Public sector and joint sector industry

Ans.

(i) Agro-based and mineral based industry

S.NO. Agro-based Industry Mineral-based Industry
1. Plants and animals products are used as row material. Uses mineral as raw material.
2. Man power are related to mainly in rural areas. Man power are related to both rural as well as urban areas.
3. Example: Dairy industry, cotton textile industry, etc. Example: Iron and steel industry, heavy machinery industry, etc.


(ii) Public sector and joint sector industry

 

S.NO. Public Sector Joint Sector Industry
1. It is operated and owned by government. It is owned and operated by the government and individuals or group of individuals.
2. Example: Steel authority of India, Hindustan aeronautics limited, etc. Example: Maruti Udyog Limited, etc.

 

Chapter end exercise
Q 4.

Give two examples of the following in the space provided:

  1. Raw Materials:________________________________and___________________________________
  2. End product:________________________________and___________________________________
  3. Tertiary Activities:________________________________and___________________________________
  4. Agro-based Industries:________________________________and___________________________________
  5. Cottage Industries:________________________________and___________________________________
  6. Co-operatives:________________________________and___________________________________

Ans.
  1. Raw Materials: Cotton and steel
  2. End product: Shirt and safety pin
  3. Tertiary Activities: Banking and transport
  4. Agro-based Industries: Dairy industry and cotton textile industry
  5. Cottage Industries: Pottery industry and basket-weaving industry
  6. Co-operatives: Amul Milk limited and Gopal dairy
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