Class VI - Geography

Chapter - 2 Globe: Latitudes and Longitudes

A globe is a genuine model of the earth.
The globes are of fluctuating sizes and sorts.
Globe can be pivoted similarly as a best turn or potter's wheel is turned.
Axis-The fanciful line going through the focal point of the earth and joining the two focuses.
A needle is settled through the globe in a titled way, which is called its pivot.
Another fanciful roundabout line running on the globe isolates it the earth into two equivalent amounts of.
This line is called as Equator.
The northern portion of the earth is known as the Northern Hemisphere and the southern half is known as the Southern Hemisphere.
All parallel circles from the equator up to the posts are called parallels of scopes.
The equator speaks to the zero degree scope.
Besides the equator (0 degree Celsius), the North Pole 90 degree North), the South Pole (90 degree South), there are four vital parallels of scope - Tropic of Cancer in the Southern Hemisphere, Arctic Circle at north of the Equator and Antarctic Circle at south of the Equator.

HEART ZONES OF THE EARTH :

The region which gets the greatest warmth is known as the Torrid Zone.
The regions around Antarctic Circle in the Southern Hemisphere have medium temperature. These are called Temperature Zones.
These are sure chilly territories in the half of the globe. They are called Frigid Zones.

WHAT ARE LONGITUDES:

Unlike parallels of scope, all meridians are of equivalent length.
Hence, all nations chose that the tally should start from the meridian which went through Greenwich, where the British Royal Observatory is found. This meridian is known as the Prime Meridian.

LONGITUDE AND TIME:

The best methods for measuring time are by the development of the earth, the moon and the planets.
The sun regularly rises and sets each day, and normally. It is the best time-attendant the world.
Local time can be figured by the shadow cast by the sun, which is the most brief at twelve and longest at dawn and dusk.
When the prime meridian of Greenwich has the sun at the most astounding point in the sky, every one of the spots along this meridian will have late morning or twelve.
As the earth turns from west to east, those spots east of Greenwich will be in front of Greenwich Time and those toward the west will be behind it.
At wherever a watch can be acclimated to peruse 12’0’clock when the sun is at the most astounding point in the sky, when it is late morning.

FOR WHAT REASON DO WE HAVE STANDARD TIME?

The neighborhood time of spots which are on various meridians will undoubtedly contrast.
For instance, in India there will be a distinction of around 1hour and 45minutes in the nearby circumstances of Dwarka in Gujarat and Dibrugarh in Assam.
In India, the longitude of regarded as the standard meridian. The neighborhood time at this meridian is set aside as the standard time for the entire nation. It is called Indian Standard Time.

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