Class VI - History

Chapter - 8 Ashoka the Emperor who gave up War

  8. Ashoka, the Emperor Who Gave Up War

  • Before the finish of the Vedic period, the Aryan tribal settlements spread over the Indo-Gangetic plains developed into regional divisions like Janapadas.
  • One of the most powerful Janapadas, was that of Magadha under the Mauryas.
Rise of Magadha:
  1. The rise of Magadha is ascribed to the fertile plains along the waterway Ganga.
  2. The Haryanka, Shishunaga and Nanda dynasties helped in the improvement of Magadha as an poweful state.
  3. Around 326 managed by Nandas.
  4. The Nanda rulers who had humiliated Chanakya were toppled by Chandragupta BC, Greek ruler Alexander attacked India. Around then Magadha was who set up the Mauryan domain in 321BC with his capital at Patiliputra.
  5. Chandragupta caught Punjab, Gujarat, Afghanistan. He even defeated Greek ruler Seleucus in 305BC.
  6. After ruling for 25years, Chandragupta turned into a Jain ascetic and gave his kingdom to his child Bindusara who additionally extended it southwards.
Ashoka: From a Warrior to Messenger of Peace:
  1. Bindusara was prevailing by his son Ashoka, the best Mauryan emperor.
  2. He undertook military battle against Kalinga. In the wake of defeating it he saw a pool of blood.
  3. seeing substantial scale slaughtering moved Ashoka and he grasped Buddhism.
  4. He started to spread the lessons of Buddha not just in India by even abroad.
  5. His theory called 'Dhamma' was propagated everywhere. He lectured peace, resistance, disregarding savagery, ceasing creature give up and regard of slaves by their lords.
  6. He sent evangelists called 'Dhamma Mahamattas' to Sri Lanka, Burma and South-east Asian nations to propagate Buddhism.
Mauryan Administration:
  1. The Central organization was going by the ruler who was the incomparable judge and the law giver.
  2. The ruler delegated a few powers called mantris and amatyas to help him.
  3. The commonplace organization was going by a representative who was by and large a Kumara or an Aryapura.
  4. The areas were separated into district or Janapada. It had three vital authorities called Pradeshika, Rajuka and Yukta.
Military System:
  1. The Mauryas had set up a tremendous domain with the assistance of a powerful armed force.
  2. Megasthenes, a Greek minister wrote that soldiers were most numerous class next to the cultivators.
  3. The Arthashastra notices three sorts of soldiers to be specific, heridatory battling class, soldiers of fortune willing to battle for any administration which connected with their administrations; and craftsmans.
  4. The armed force comprised of 6,00,000 infantary, 30,000 horsemen, 3,000 chariots and 9,000 elephants.
  5. The armed force organization was under a president.
  6. There were six specific departments to take care of the military organization.
  7. Further the ruler designated various trusted mystery servicemen as spies. It helped the lord to recognize what individuals thought about him.
Achievements of Mauryas:
  1. The farming was the main occupation of the Mauryas.
  2. what's more, vendors were additionally found in large numbers.
  3. Division in the public society depended on the distinctive occupations of individuals.
  4. Mauryan at and architecture as stupas, viharas, columns and shake decrees is exceptionally mainstream.
  5. Megasthenes Indic and Kautilya's Arthshastra are two resources wellsprings of thinking about the Mauryas.
  6. The state ended up noticeably weak politically and monetarily after the passing of Ashoka and began declining.

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